
Juncus effusus (likely)
A tall clump of rush planted in a hessian bag at the pond edge near the pump outlet. The loose brown flower clusters partway up the stems suggest soft rush (Juncus effusus), but it's unconfirmed.
Tidy out the dead stems in spring rather than autumn, so insects can overwinter in them.
Upright foliage for a marginal planting, contrasting with broader leaves and floating plants.
The peeled pith was dipped in fat to make rushlights, the poor man's candle.
Tall, healthy clump with brown seed clusters on the stems. Some older stems browning off, which is normal for the time of year.